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Reality Check | Ephraim Schwartz » Dumbing down and smartening up via the Web

May 29, 2007 | Comments: (0)

Dumbing down and smartening up via the Web

Social networking and information design will have a profound effect on generations to come

As an old friend once told me, whenever there's a transition in a culture, something is lost. When Gutenberg invented the printing press and written information became widely available, tricks for recording history orally were lost. Prior to literacy, people leaned on poetry more to relay their histories because poetry provided a structure to help them remember their stories.

We are going through such a transition now. And we can watch as two opposing trends regarding people's relationship with information unfold thanks to the World Wide Web.

One trend is bent on grabbing folks' attention; the other is geared toward moving their attention to where deeper sets of shared knowledge reside. How these two trends affect one another could have wide-reaching implications on how information affects our lives.

The scarier trend is what I call the dumbing down of information to accommodate what some are calling Digital Natives, aka DNs. As far as I can tell, the term originated in 2001 in a blog titled "Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants" by Marc Prensky.

Prensky says DNs are all "native speakers of the digital language of computers, video games and the Internet."

Digital Immigrants, on the other hand, are "those of us who were not born into the digital world but have, at some later point in our lives, become fascinated by and adopted many of or most aspects of the new technology."

Gartner, on its media Weblog, six years later, picks up on this theme, proclaming that DNs "absorb information differently from digital immigrants."

Whereas Digital Immigrants are "more methodical, find text a far more efficient way of absorbing information, and invest time clicking on a video link only if they think it will really add value to the story," Digital Natives "graze somewhat randomly for information, scanning Web pages for photos and video, and reading the text only if the images capture their attention."

This is where I start to get scared.

Please understand me, I do not believe information needs to be "dumbed down" for DNs because they are any less intelligent than non-natives, aka DIs. Obviously, any evolutionary changes in humanity, negative or positive, would take a bit longer than the approximately 25 years since the birth of the PC age.

What I am saying is that, as in any business, the people who make money from consumers have figured out how to attract, how to sell, and how to keep customers coming back to their Web site, be it an e-store or an online news service. Therefore, we can expect over time more and more of the Web to adopt the environment that appeals to those who "read text only if the images capture their attention."

Capturing and holding the attention of a viewer, not a reader, started with television. Sociologists have long been commenting on the fact that American television programming jumps from scene to scene far more rapidly than British programs do. It both appeals to and, I think, helps create viewers with shorter attention spans.

I have two concerns about this development. One, unless we get DNs to behave more like DIs, future generations will have a harder time developing the study skills they need to master and understand their environment in order to become the kind of professionals -- doctors, architects, engineers -- that we need to keep a complex society running.

My second fear is political. Unless our future generations learn to analyze content and understand issues by reading deeply, they will be far more susceptible to being manipulated -- and not likely for noble goals.

OK, that's on the downside. On the smartening up side, I see the concept of social networking -- in business and nonbusiness environments -- creating a growing pool of people who have access to and thus are aware of far more information than ever before.

Companies such as Attensa and ConnectBeam are at the cutting edge, creating enterprise-level social networking technology that allows users to easily exchange information. This in turn allows more people to use information more intelligently.

Making information and the people who possess it available to others can have a viral effect, too, one that will motivate future generations to tap into a variety of sources of information to obtain a complete picture on any given issue.

Perhaps we can also say when you have a transition in the culture something is gained.

Posted by Ephraim Schwartz on May 29, 2007 03:00 AM


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business networking has profound effects on the enterprise, people often think of social networking as being 'myspace' because they are in the business of being in the media all the time. A San Francisco company called NetModular Community has provided social networking for business since 2001 and almost all of the sites they create are for networking and business needs. Sure, younger audiences take to it faster and with more zeal, but today, all ages need to be aware of social networking it is just fundamental.

Posted by: Chris at May 29, 2007 11:08 AM

Did you intentionally sequence this post right after your previous one about future programmers thinking in parallel algorithms, unlike us "linear programmers" of the "current generation," as you called us? I'm curious about your thoughts on this connection. Are the DNs actually better prepared to design parallel algorithms than DIs?

Posted by: Alan at May 29, 2007 11:17 AM

To Alan --
No, I did not intentionally sequence my last two blogs. If I did that it would sort of be parallel processing on my part wouldn't it?

Anyway, in answer to your insightful question, are digital natives beter prepared to write parallel processing-enabled programs, I don't know.

I think you first need to define the skill set that allows someone to program for multi-threading processing.

Ephraim
Editor-at-Large
InfoWorld

Posted by: Ephraim at May 29, 2007 11:31 AM

You said: "Obviously, any evolutionary changes in humanity, negative or positive, would take a bit longer than the approximately 25 years since the birth of the PC age."

Actually that's not true. Our *culture* evolves much more swiftly than that and, in fact, that's why our young have such long childhoods -- to allow us to impart/alter the cultural capital we have. 25 years is about spot on for a whole new generation to grow up with different ideas and ideals.

Equally, given the old saying "a picture is worth a thousand words" it's arguable that those who graze on pictures are using their time better than thousand who troll through the written word.

Todd McCaffrey

Posted by: Todd McCaffrey at May 29, 2007 06:37 PM

I'm not going to debate whether DNs will make better citizens (although I will point out that there's plenty of evidence that it's harder to market to DNs than DIs.)

My point is that DNs already have brought social tools into the enterprise.

Visible Path has over 1500 companies using its product -- see TechCrunch http://www.techcrunch.com/2007/04/12/visualpath-a-lot-like-linkedin-except-its-useful/ -- and is just releasing a new version of its corporate network product. I know Facebook is working directly with large enterprises. (The applications are different: Visible Path is more of a social network search tool, and Facebook is more of a corporate directory.) And, of course, just about every company has people surreptitiously using LinkedIn to find new jobs, while thousands of employess are Twittering to each other. All count as social networking in the enterprise... even if the usage hasn't hit the radar or the DIs in corporate management.

Posted by: Lyndar at May 30, 2007 08:12 AM

I believe this evolution is already well on its way because it's generational. Just look at how the newest information workers choose to work and look at the tools they choose to use. They drive multi-tasking to an entirely new level using multiple IM chat sessions, collaborative workspaces and feed subscriptions that deliver the information they need as soon as it is available.

They bring a new work ethic based on continuous partial attention that can increase productivity because they can keep multiple dimensions of their tasks in their peripheral vision and in their peripheral attention simultaneously. When these techniques are used to optimum advantage, opportunities are spotted more quickly, rapid responses seize the opportunity and the power of collaboration is brought to bear on problem solving.

When attention tools, like Attensa's AttentionStream, are added to this mix, the power of intelligent prioritization, automatic discovery and sharing of critical business information has the potential to bring a new level of productivity into play.

Posted by: Scott Niesen at May 30, 2007 10:53 AM

Somewhat related to this, I heard an interesting discussion over the weekend. A friend was describing that for her son to get the Golf badge from Boy Scouts, he had to read a book on the history of golf, and he isn't interested. She remarked though if someone made a video of the text on YouTube, he'd watch and learn it. That launched a discussion on the exercise as more than just learning about golf -- it also teaches him how to get information and learn from text. My wife contributed the idea that that's actually more consistent with how we originally learned; it was through oral explanation or watching a presentation that we learned before books were commonplace. I wish I could remember the term she used, but realize there's an extra step in translating idea to words to paper. And this ties to a WSJ article we read about Grandmas using YouTube to record their recipes and other Seniors using it to pass on techniques and memories to younger generations.

Posted by: chuckbo at May 30, 2007 11:08 AM

Sometimes I think we get a little focused on the web as if nothing else existed before it ... in this case I don't think Digital Natives are responsible to this movement towards visual sexiness as the way to grab eyeballs. Rather this change started years, if not decades ago, with the printed media as a reflection of what was already happening in TV/Movies/Music industries. For ages it has been about attracting "eyeball clicks" at the cost of quality communications.

Posted by: Pat Schmid at May 30, 2007 11:21 AM

I believe you have overlooked cooperative analysis mechanisms:

Assuming you have friends you understand (and trust enough for honesty), some "deep analysis" can come through discussion or other mutual interactions.

Put differently, your reaction to people having browsing as a preference has some of those superficial characteristics that were scaring you.

Not that web networks are nothing but dethorned roses, of course.

Posted by: Browser at May 30, 2007 11:27 AM

"A picture is worth a thousand words." get overused.

Yes, it might take a thousand words to describe a picture, but how many pictures will it take to describe a text? As a hint, think movie.

Posted by: Gene Wirchenko at May 30, 2007 01:47 PM

Re: Scott Niesen -- I think Scott has coined a new term that aptly describes the digital age.
"Continuous, partial attention."
What the repercussions of that are I'm not sure.

Ephraim Schwartz
Editor-at-large
InfoWorld

Posted by: Ephraim at May 30, 2007 03:39 PM

Can't help wonder how all these folks will cope when the electric grid goes down. Will U-Tube come to the rescue? We seem to be developing a generation with a distaste for reading and that's scary. Most of the world's information is in print.

Posted by: Sam at May 30, 2007 09:04 PM

I am reminded that in the fifties that educators were bemoaning the fact kids were reading comic books instead of novels. Seems to me it's the same principle in action. The printed word is a relatively recent addition to the human society. Man is a image oriented creature first, and a symbol manipulating creature second. That's the idea behind the Graphic Users Interface. A lot of computer users don't know what a command line is. Do I need to remind you there are people working on direct neural linkages to computers? Can you even imagine how people will be working with knowledge in the next twenty five years. (Assuming global warming hasn't dumped us back in another dark age.)

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Posted by: rajiv at June 10, 2007 08:16 PM

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